Shahed-136 / Geran-2

Maker	Shahed Aviation Industries / HESA (Iran); JSC Alabuga and Kupol (Russia)
Origin	Iran (design); Russia (licensed production)
Built	Alabuga Special Economic Zone, Yelabuga, Tatarstan; Kupol plant, Izhevsk (Geran-K variant)
First combat	2022, Ukraine (13 September 2022, near Kupiansk)
Length	3.5 m
Span	2.5 m
Launch weight	200 kg
Warhead	50 kg
Cruise speed	180 km/h
Top speed	185 km/h
Max range	2,500 km
Propulsion	MD-550 50 hp two-stroke piston engine (Limbach L550 derivative) with pusher propeller; rocket-assisted launch; Chinese engine substitutes in later Russian builds
Guidance	Inertial navigation plus GPS/GLONASS; later Russian builds use Kometa CRPA anti-jam antennas and cellular telemetry modems

Leaked documents show Russia agreed to pay Iran about $193,000 per drone for 6,000 units (or $290,000 each for 2,000) in the 2022 to 2023 deal, while analyst estimates of build cost run $20,000 to $50,000 and JSC Alabuga's own projection was about $48,800. Range figures span 1,000 to 2,500 km (RUSI 1,000 to 2,000; CSIS up to 2,500), and Russian variants with heavier warheads trade fuel for range. Warheads grew from roughly 40 to 50 kg (Iranian, about 53 kg penetrator per CSIS) to about 90 kg (KOFZBCh-90) in later Russian builds.

Sources (14)

1. RUSI: Russia's Iranian-Made UAVs: A Technical Profile (Uzi Rubin, Jan 2023) (length_m)
2. RUSI: Russia's Iranian-Made UAVs: A Technical Profile (span_m)
3. CSIS Missile Threat: Shahed-131 and -136 (launch_weight_kg)
4. CSIS Missile Threat: Shahed-131 and -136 (20 to 50 kg) (warhead_kg)
5. CSIS: From Shahed to Geran (Sep 2026), warhead progression to KOFZBCh-90 (warhead_kg)
6. CSIS Missile Threat: Shahed-131 and -136 (180 km/h) (speed_kmh_cruise)
7. RFE/RL graphic citing US Army and UK MoD (max 185 km/h) (speed_kmh_max)
8. CSIS Missile Threat: Shahed-131 and -136 (1,000 to 2,500 km) (range_km)
9. RUSI technical profile (MD-550 / Limbach L550) (propulsion)
10. RUSI technical profile (commercial INS plus GPS/GLONASS) (guidance)
11. CSIS: From Shahed to Geran (Kometa CRPA evolution) (guidance)
12. CSIS: From Shahed to Geran (Alabuga and Izhevsk/Kupol) (built_where)
13. CSIS: From Shahed to Geran (first documented use 13 Sep 2022) (first_combat)
14. TWZ: What Does A Shahed-136 Really Cost? (leaked $193,000 contract price) (notes)